Without regard for enharmonic spellings or octaves, all notes in the passage are counted, resulting in 12 values, one for each of the twelve notes in the equal-temperament chromatic scale. The technique makes use of the profiles set out in the table above. The Krumhansl and Schmuckler algorithm, based on Krumhansl and Kessler's work, is a technique for estimating the key of some arbitrary musical passage. dominant and mediant)įollowed by the other notes belonging to the scale More specifically, a four-level hierarchy was evident for both the major and minor keys.įollowed by the remaining notes of the tonic triad (i.e. In both cases, the tonic note was rated most highly, and non-scale notes were rated the lowest. Krumhansl and Kessler found a stable, distinctive response pattern for the major and minor keys. ![]() Listeners were asked to judge how well the note fitted the 'tonality' of the previous passage. After each repetition of the key-defining passage, a different note was played. ![]() Using Dominants :: Diminished Seventh Chords :: Melodic Substitution :: Reharmonisation :: Modulation :: Alan Belkin's General Principles of HarmonyĬarol Krumhansl and Ed Kessler, using the 'probe tone technique' (developed by Roger Shepard) to study the nature of tonality, played a passage consisting of an ascending (major or harmonic minor) scale, or a chord progression. The Nature of Tonality :: Major Keys :: Minor Keys :: Triad Progressions :: Modes :: Combining Major and Minor Keys :: Modal Interchange ![]() John Lennon (1940-1980) English songwriter and Beatle People think the Beatles know what's going on. Previous lesson :: next lesson :: contents :: index :: manuscript paper :: comments or queries? To use the menu you must first enable javascript
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